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Abstract and concrete
Metaphysics concept covering the divide between two types of entities
Abstract and concrete
In philosophy, a fundamental distinction exists between abstract and concrete entities. While there is no universally accepted definition, common examples illustrate the difference: numbers, sets, and ideas are typically classified as abstract objects, whereas plants, dogs, and planets are considered concrete objects. Philosophers have proposed several criteria to define this distinction: Spatiotemporal existence – Abstract objects exist outside space-time, while concrete objects exist within space-time. Causal influence – Concrete objects can cause and be affected by other entities (e.g., a rock breaking a window), whereas abstract objects (e.g., the number 2) lack causal powers and do not cause anything to happen in the physical world. Metaphysical relation – In metaphysics, concrete objects are specific, individual things (particulars), while abstract objects represent general concepts or categories (universals). Ontological domain – Concrete objects belong to the physical realm (or...
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