Demographics of Canada

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Statistics Canada conducts a country-wide census that collects demographic data every five years in the first and sixth year of each decade. The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure. It is estimated that Canada's population surpassed 40 million in 2023 and 41 million in 2024. The main driver of population growth is immigration, with 6.2% of the country's population being made up of temporary residents as of 2023, or about 2.5 million people. As of July 1, 2026, Statistics Canada estimated Canada's population at 41,798,407. This was a preliminary population estimate rather than an official census count. 2024 saw the lowest recorded total fertility rate in the country's history, at around 1.25; this rate is among the lowest in the world. Canada has one of the highest per-capita immigration rates in the world, driven mainly by economic policy and, to a lesser extent, family reunification. In 2024–2025, a total...

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