Japan and weapons of mass destruction

Common card · No. 432473

The Empire of Japan extensively used and researched chemical and biological weapons (CBW) during the Second Sino-Japanese War as part of Japanese war crimes. Japan is the only country ever attacked with nuclear weapons, by the United States' 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II. During the Cold War, the United States stationed chemical and nuclear weapons in Japan from the early 1950s to early 1970s. Postwar Japan ratified the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Biological Weapons Convention, and Chemical Weapons Convention. The US provides a nuclear umbrella to Japan. Beginning in the mid-1930s, Japan conducted numerous attempts to acquire, develop and use weapons of mass destruction. Japan's biological warfare is estimated to have killed between 200,000 and 500,000 people in China. Biological warfare units, led by Unit 731, operated across the Japanese colonial empire, dispersing anthrax, cholera, dysentery, typhoid, plague, and others. In the Japanese...

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