Native American slave ownership

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Native American slave ownership refers to the ownership of enslaved people by Native Americans from the colonial period to the American Civil War. Waves of European colonization (and the concurrent Atlantic slave trade) brought enslaved Africans to North America. Following this development many indigenous tribes began to acquire Africans as slaves. Many prominent people from the "Five Civilized Tribes" purchased slaves from their white neighbors and became members of the planter class. The 1863 Emancipation Proclamation only applied to States in rebellion, and did not legally affect slavery in Native American areas that fought for the Confederate States of America. All slaves in the United States were legally emancipated upon the ratification of the 13th Amendment on December 6, 1865, just after the American Civil War. In practice, slavery continued in some Native American territories. The federal government negotiated new treaties with the "Five Civilized Tribes" in 1866, in which they...

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