Common
Coefficient of performance
Ratio of useful heating or cooling provided to work required
Coefficient of performance
The coefficient of performance or COP (sometimes CP or CoP) of a heat pump, refrigerator or air conditioning system is a ratio of the useful heating or cooling provided to the work (energy) required. Higher COPs equate to higher efficiency, lower energy (power) consumption and thus lower operating costs. While the coefficient of performance is a term commonly used with heat pumps, it is also applicable to any energy system that behaves in a thermodynamically open manner, receiving energy from the local environment, whether it be electromagnetic, electrostatic, or any other viable form. Instead of converting work to heat (which has a maximum efficiency of 100% and a COP less than or equal to one), heat pumps, air conditioners and refrigeration systems use work to move existing heat from one place to another. Less work is required to move heat than to generate heat. Usually, more heat is moved than the amount of work put in so the COP usually exceeds 1, especially in heat pumps. The COP is...
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