Common
Antireligious campaigns in China
Chinese governments since the late 19th century have discouraged and cracked down on both folk and organized religion. The Qing dynasty's 1898 edict confiscated folk religion temples that were not performing state sacrifices and turned them into schools; though these confiscations were reversed after a short time, they set a precedent for subsequent antireligious campaigns. In the Republic of China (ROC), both the Beiyang government and then the Nationalist government viewed the free exercise of "religion" as based on the Western model of institutionalized religions, and sought to eliminate folk religious practice through anti-superstition campaigns. During the Chinese Civil War, in the Yan'an Soviet, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) implemented a campaign in 1945 to eliminate shamanic practices, especially those that it deemed unhygienic. After the 1949 proclamation of the People's Republic of China, the government sought to suppress new religious movements that had developed during the...
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