Military of the Han dynasty

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The military of the Han dynasty was the military apparatus of China from 202 BC to 220 AD, with a brief interregnum by the reign of Wang Mang and his Xin dynasty from 9 AD to 23 AD, followed by two years of civil war before the reestablishment of the Han dynasty. Han armies consisted primarily of infantry and cavalry, with minor use of chariots that became obsolete during the Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD). The Han naval forces included marines on tower ships built for inland riverine and lake battles rather than overseas ventures. To the north along the eastern Eurasian Steppe, the Han dynasty fought against nomadic confederations such as the Xiongnu, Xianbei, and Wuhuan. To challenge these migratory peoples effectively, the Han Empire was compelled to develop, train, and supply large amounts of cavalry and mounted forces. The Han-Xiongnu Wars that began during the reign of Emperor Gaozu of Han reached a turning point during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, whose forces pushed the rival Xiongnu...

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