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Négritude
Cultural and political movement developed by a francophone African elite
Négritude
Négritude (from French "nègre" and "-itude" to denote a condition that can be translated as "Blackness"; pronounced [neɡʁityd]) is a framework of critique and literary theory, mainly developed by francophone intellectuals, writers, politicians, and visual artists in the African diaspora during the 1930s, aimed at raising and cultivating "black consciousness" across Africa and its diaspora. The progenitors of Négritude included the Martinican poet Aimé Césaire, Abdoulaye Sadji, Léopold Sédar Senghor (the first President of Senegal), and Léon Damas of French Guiana. Négritude intellectuals disavowed colonialism, racism and Eurocentrism. They promoted African culture within a framework of persistent Franco-African ties. The intellectuals employed Marxist political philosophy, in the black radical tradition. Writers borrowed heavily from Surrealist style, frequently examining diasporic experience, self‑assertion, identity, and notions of home, home‑going, and belonging. Visual artists inspired...
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