Problem of two emperors
Problem arising when multiple people claim the title of emperor
Problem of two emperors
In historiography, the problem of two emperors or two-emperor problem (deriving from the German term Zweikaiserproblem) is the historical contradiction between the idea of the universal empire, that there was only ever one true emperor at any one given time, and the truth that there were often multiple individuals who claimed the position simultaneously. The term is primarily used in regards to medieval European history and often refers to in particular the long-lasting dispute between the Byzantine emperors in Constantinople and the Holy Roman emperors in modern-day Germany and Austria as to which monarch represented the legitimate Roman emperor. Since the collapse of the Western Roman Empire during late antiquity, the Byzantine Empire had been recognized as the legitimate Roman Empire by itself, the pope, and the various Christian kingdoms throughout Europe. This changed in 797 when Emperor Constantine VI was deposed and replaced as ruler by his mother, Empress Irene, whose rule was not...
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