Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides

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Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides (abbreviated as Li-NMC, LNMC, NMC, or NCM) are mixed metal oxides of lithium, nickel, manganese and cobalt with the general formula LiNixMnyCo1-x-yO2. These materials are commonly used in lithium-ion batteries for mobile devices and electric vehicles, acting as the positively charged electrode, commonly called the cathode (though when charging it is actually the anode). When a battery is charged up, the lithium in the positive electrode is depleted, so it is lithium deficient (that is, the composition becomes Li1-nNixMnyCo1-x-yO2 where n is the amount of Li removed from the material). There is a particular interest in optimizing NMC for electric vehicle applications because of the material's high energy density and operating voltage. Reducing the cobalt content in NMC is also a current target, due to the metal's high cost. Furthermore, an increased nickel content provides more capacity within the stable operation window.

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