Laguna Copperplate Inscription
900 inscription found in the Philippines
Laguna Copperplate Inscription
The Laguna Copperplate Inscription is an official acquittance (debt relief) certificate inscribed onto a copper plate in the Shaka year 822 (900 A.D.). It is the oldest extant document found in the Philippines. The plate was unearthed in 1987 by a laborer near the mouth of the Lumbang River in Wawa, Lumban, Laguna, in the Philippines during a dredging operation. The inscription was mainly written in Old Malay using the Old Javanese script called Kawi script, with several technical Sanskrit words and either Old Javanese or Old Tagalog honorifics. After it was found, the text was first translated in 1991 by Antoon Postma, a Dutch anthropologist and Hanunó'o script researcher. The inscription documents the existence and names of several surrounding states as of A.D. 900, such as the Tagalog city-state of Tondo. Some historians associate the toponym Medang in this inscription regarding the Medang palace in Java at that time, although the name is a common term of Malayo-Polynesian origin.
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