OpenAI Codex (language model)

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OpenAI Codex is a large language model developed by OpenAI for translating natural-language prompts into source code. Announced in 2021, it was a modified production version of GPT-3 that was fine-tuned on source code in multiple programming languages, and it served as the original model for GitHub Copilot. Codex was designed to assist programmers by generating code from plain-language instructions, completing partially written code, and interacting with software and online services. Researchers and commentators also described limitations and risks, including inaccurate or insecure output, difficulty with more complex prompts, and copyright concerns related to training on publicly available code. It should not be confused with the separate coding agent Codex, which OpenAI introduced in 2025 utilizing the same name.

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