Two-domain system
Biological classification system
Two-domain system
The two-domain system is a biological classification system that groups all cellular organisms in the tree of life into two domains: Archaea and Bacteria, while eukaryotes are considered a specialized clade under Archaea. It emerged from increasingly developed knowledge of archaean diversity and challenges the widely accepted three-domain system, which classifies cellular life into three domains: Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. The two-domain system was preceded by the eocyte hypothesis proposed by James A. Lake in the 1980s, which was largely superseded by the three-domain system due to inadequate evidence at the time. Better understanding of archaean biology, especially of their roles in the origin of eukaryotes through symbiogenesis with endosymbiont α-proteobacteria (which evolved into mitochondria), led to the revival of the eocyte hypothesis in the 2000s. The two-domain system became more widely accepted after the discovery of a large kingdom of deep-sea archaea called Promethearchaeati...
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