Common
Para-fascism
Right-wing regimes and movements similar to fascism
Para-fascism
Para-fascism is a term proposed by the "new consensus" historians of fascism like Roger Griffin and Stanley G. Payne to distinguish authoritarian conservative regimes rooted in nationalist movements that adopt characteristics associated with fascism such as personality cults, paramilitary organizations, symbols and rhetoric, from what they define as "core fascism" marked by palingenetic ultranationalism, modernism, populism and the goal of a "genuine social revolution". By Griffin, para-fascism often emerges in response to the need for a facade of popular support in an age of mass politics, without a genuine commitment to revolutionary nationalism, instead focusing on maintaining tradition, religion, and culture, and such regimes may co-opt or neutralize genuine fascist movements. Griffin defines the following regimes and movements as para-fascist: Austrofascism in the Federal State of Austria led by Engelbert Dollfuss and Kurt Schuschnigg, Metaxism in the Greek '4th of August Regime',...
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