2023–2025 Sundhnúkur eruptions

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The 2023–2025 Sundhnúkur eruptions (Icelandic: Eldgosin við Sundhnúksgíga 2023–2025) are a series of volcanic eruptions on the Reykjanes Peninsula, near the town of Grindavík, Iceland. Nine eruptions have occurred since December 2023, with the most recent taking place in August 2025. The seismic and volcanic activity caused significant disruption across the western part of the peninsula, especially for the town of Grindavík. However, the Capital Region, including Reykjavík, has remained physically unaffected. Volcanic activity began with an intense earthquake swarm in the Eldvörp–Svartsengi volcanic system on 24 October 2023, caused by a magmatic intrusion underneath the area. The frequency and intensity of the earthquakes dramatically increased on 10 November 2023, with around 20,000 tremors recorded by that time, the largest of which exceeded magnitude 5.3. Grindavík was evacuated due to the creation of large-scale subsidence, including the formation of an extensive graben valley, which...

Read on Wikipedia · Image Halldór Björnsson / Icelandic Meteorological Office, Attribution