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Catharism
Medieval southern European Christian dualist movement
Catharism
Catharism ( KATH-ər-iz-əm; from the Ancient Greek: καθαροί, romanized: katharoí, "the pure ones") was a Christian quasi-dualist and pseudo-Gnostic movement in Occitania and Northern Italy between the 12th and 14th centuries. According to ecclesiastical literature and propaganda characteristic of the Holy Roman Inquisition, Cathars believed that there were not one, but two Gods—the good God of Heaven and the evil god of this age (2 Corinthians 4:4); that the good God was the God of the New Testament faith and the creator of the spiritual realm. Cathars identified the evil god as Satan, the master of the physical world, who was the same as the God of the Old Testament. By reputation, Cathars believed that human souls were the sexless spirits of angels trapped in the material realm of the evil god. They thought these souls were destined to be reincarnated until they achieved salvation through the consolamentum, a form of baptism performed when death is imminent. At that moment, they believed...
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