Opioid use disorder

Uncommon card · No. 151585

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a substance use disorder characterized by cravings for opioids, continued use despite physical or psychological deterioration, increased tolerance with use, and withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing opioids. Opioid withdrawal symptoms include nausea, muscle aches, diarrhea, trouble sleeping, agitation, and a low mood. Addiction and dependence are important components of opioid use disorder. Risk factors include a history of opioid misuse, current opioid misuse, young age, socioeconomic status, race, untreated psychiatric disorders, and environments that promote misuse (social, family, professional, etc.). Complications may include opioid overdose, suicide, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis C, and problems meeting social or professional responsibilities. Diagnosis may be based on criteria by the American Psychiatric Association in the DSM-5. Opioids include substances such as heroin, morphine, fentanyl, codeine, dihydrocodeine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, and tramadol. A useful...

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