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History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The earliest known human settlements in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo date back to the Middle Stone Age, approximately 90,000 years ago. The first 'states', such as the Kongo, the Lunda, the Luba and Kuba, appeared south of the equatorial forest on the savannah, from the 14th century. The Kingdom of Kongo controlled much of western and central Africa, including what is now the west of the DR Congo, between the 14th and early 19th centuries. At its peak it had 500,000 people, and its capital was M'banza-Kongo. In the late 15th century, Portuguese sailors arrived in the Kongo, and this led to prosperity and consolidation, with the king's power based on Portuguese trade. King Afonso I (1506–43) had raids carried out on neighboring districts, in response to Portuguese requests for slaves. After his death, the kingdom underwent a crisis. The Atlantic slave trade occurred from approximately 1500 to 1850, with the west coast of Africa targeted, and the region around the mouth...
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