Capital punishment by country
Capital punishment, also called the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as a punishment for a crime. It has historically been used in almost every part of the world. Since the mid-1800s, many countries have abolished or discontinued the practice. In 2024, the five countries that are known to have executed the most people were, in descending order, China (1,000+), Iran (972+), Saudi Arabia (345+), Iraq (63+), and Yemen (38+). According to Amnesty International, countries fall into four categories based on their use of capital punishment. Specifically, as of 2025: 54 retain capital punishment in law and practice, to be reduced to 53 in 2026 following Lebanon's abolition of the death penalty. 23 retain capital punishment but have not used it in the last ten years and are believed to have a policy of not carrying out executions or have made a commitment not to do so. 9 retain capital punishment only for exceptional crimes such as crimes under military law or crimes committed...
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