Baal Hammon
Chief god in ancient Carthaginian religion
Chief god in ancient Carthaginian religion
Ba'al Hammon (Punic: 𐤁𐤏𐤋 𐤇𐤌𐤍, romanized: Baʿl Ḥamōn), meaning "Lord Hammon", was a Punic-Berber syncretic deity and the chief god of ancient Carthage and Numidia. He was a weather god considered responsible for the fertility of vegetation and esteemed as king of the gods. He was depicted as a bearded older man with curling ram's horns. Ba'al Ḥammon's female cult partner was Tanit. Ba'al Hammon was worshipped only in North Africa and Carthaginian colonies of the western mediterranean including Iberia, Sicily, Sardinia and the Balearic Islands. In Carthage and North Africa, Baʿal Hammon was especially associated with the ram and was also worshiped as the horned deity Baʿal Qarnaim "Lord of the Two Horns", He had several temples in Volubilis, Cirta, Iol, Hippo Regius, Timgad and many others however his chief temple was in an open-air sanctuary at Jebel Boukornine ("the two-horned hill") across the bay from Carthage, in Tunisia.
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