Galinstan

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Galinstan is a brand name for an alloy composed of gallium, indium, and tin which melts at −19 °C (−2 °F) and is thus liquid at room temperature. In scientific literature, galinstan is also used to denote the eutectic alloy of gallium, indium, and tin, which melts at around +11 °C (52 °F). The commercial product Galinstan is not a eutectic alloy, but a near-eutectic alloy. Additionally, it likely has added flux to improve flowability, to reduce melting temperature, and to reduce surface tension. Eutectic galinstan is composed of 68.5% Ga, 21.5% In, and 10.0% Sn (by mass). Due to the low toxicity and low reactivity of its component metals, galinstan has replaced the toxic liquid mercury or the reactive sodium–potassium alloy in many applications such as bulb thermometers and high-temperature heat exchangers.

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