Common
Conscription in Australia
Conscription in Australia was in place for most of the 20th century, with young men and boys subject to various forms of compulsory training and military service during major conflicts including World War I, World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War. In times of war, the Defence Act 1903 allows the Governor-General of Australia to authorise conscription for service in the Defence Force, provided it is approved by the Parliament of Australia within 90 days. Following the federation of the British colonies in Australia in 1901, compulsory military training for home defence purposes was introduced in 1909 and expanded in 1911 via the Universal Training Scheme. During World War I, the deployment of conscripted soldiers to overseas theatres was a major political issue and resulted in the Australian Labor Party split of 1916. Two non-binding referendums were held in 1916 and 1917 where overseas service for conscripts was rejected by voters. Mandatory military service was discontinued in...
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