Personal Rule

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The Personal Rule (also known as the Eleven Years' Tyranny) was a period in the history of England from the dissolution of the third Parliament of Charles I in 1629 to the summoning of the Short Parliament in 1640, during which Charles declined to call the next parliament and ruled as an autocratic absolute monarch without recourse to Parliament. Charles claimed that he was entitled to do this under the royal prerogative and divine right of kings. Charles had called three Parliaments by the third year of his reign in 1628. After the murder of George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, who was deemed to have a negative influence on Charles' foreign policy, Parliament began to criticize the king more harshly than before. Charles then realised that as long as he avoided war he could rule without the need of Parliament. The Personal Rule came to an end in 1640 when Charles called a parliament to obtain funds for an ongoing war with Scotland.

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