Haitian Revolution

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The Haitian Revolution, also known as the Haitian War of Independence, was an armed conflict and insurrection by enslaved Black Africans against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolution is one of the only known slave rebellions in human history that led to the founding of a state which was both free from slavery (though not from forced labour) and ruled by former enslaved captives. Vincent Ogé's 1790 revolt by free Mulattoes (of mixed French European and Black African ancestry) pressured the French Revolutionary government to grant them citizenship in May 1791, leading to further clashes with slave owners that had destabilized Saint-Domingue and led to the slave revolt on 21 August 1791, which ended with the former colony's independence on 1 January 1804, with the ex-slave Toussaint Louverture emerging as its most prominent general. The successful revolution was a defining moment in the history of the Atlantic World and the revolution's effects...

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